Fundamentals of Clinical Pharmacology

What is Pharmacology Definition: Pharmacology is the scientific study of drugs and how they are used in medicine.   Introduction to Pharmacology For most medical students a pharmacology lecture is usually not the highlight of the day, to put it mildly. In the minds of medical students, the study of pharmacology is kind of a “necessary … Read more

How to Become a Cardiothoracic Surgeon

Article at a Glance Cardiothoracic surgeons focus their efforts on the organs, bony structure and tissues that form the chest cavity. Many years of schooling are required to become a cardiothoracic surgeon. Patience and intense focus are keys to remaining dedicated and consistent. To be successful as a cardiothoracic surgeon, a person must possess physical … Read more

Upper & Lower Respiratory System

Advice to Anesthetists: Lose anything you like – but NEVER-EVER lose your patient’s airway! Apprentice Doctor Club / Chapter: Module Three: The Airway – it’s all about Oxygen! The respiratory system is the bodily system responsible for moving Oxygen from the atmosphere and facilitating the transfer of Oxygen into the bloodstream, as well as moving … Read more

What is Neurology and What is Neurosurgery about?

In Module Four – Welcome to the Operating Theater: A Glimpse into Neurosurgery First, let’s understand the key differences between a neurologist and a neurosurgeon. Though often confused, these specialties have distinct roles and training paths: A neurosurgeon is a surgeon specializing in brain and spinal cord surgery, with primary surgical training and secondary neurology … Read more

The Musculoskeletal System

The muscular system and the skeletal system are intimately associated regarding function and purpose -making movement not only possible but making movement of the different parts of the body an intricate culmination of complex science and amazingly beautiful art. Think about workers using the complex leverage systems of the muscles, bones and joints of the … Read more

Obstetrics & Gynecology – Module 7

Reviewed by Dr Lawrize Stofberg (O&G Specialist, Aberdeen, UK) Obstetrics and gynecology Please note: Contains information about human reproduction – quite appropriate for viewers in high school – please ask for parental guidance if unsure! *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  * Obstetrics and gynecology (common abbreviations: OB/GYN, OBG, O&G or Obs & Gynae) are … Read more

The Protective Clothing Surgeons Wear

Gloves Gloves are the most common type of personal protective equipment (PPE). Gloves are considered a barrier protecting both you and your patient from the transfer of harmful microorganisms. Always use gloves when you work on a patient. Hygienically prepare your hands before gloving and clean your hands again after removing the gloves and before … Read more

Caesarian Section (C-Section)

The time for the arrival of the new addition to the family is here! The first step is to get mommy safely to the hospital and admitted into the maternity ward – and off they go to theater for a Caesarian section under spinal anesthesia – making the operation to deliver the baby by C-SECTION … Read more